A = P × (1 + r/n)^(n × t), where r is the annual rate as a decimal
₹10,000 at 8% compounded annually for 5 years: A = 10,000 × 1.08^5 ≈ ₹14,693.
How many times per year interest is applied — e.g. 1 for annually, 4 for quarterly, 12 for monthly.
Interest earned = A − P, the growth over the original principal.